Actuator E52
An actuator (also called a control element ) is a technical component that converts an electrical signal into a physical movement or effect .
🧩 Definition:
An actuator is the counterpart to a sensor.
While a sensor captures information (e.g., temperature, speed), an actuator performs an action – it moves, controls, opens, closes, regulates, or creates something in the real world.
⚙️ How does an actuator work?
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Input : Signal from the control unit (e.g. engine control unit / ECU)
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Conversion : Electronics + mechanics convert the signal
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Output : Mechanical movement, pressure, heat, light, etc.
🛠 Examples of actuators in cars:
| Actuator |
Effect |
| ignition coil |
Converts electricity into high voltage → ignition spark |
| Throttle valve actuator
|
Opens/closes throttle valve (air supply) |
| fuel injector
|
Injects fuel |
| EGR valve
|
Regulates exhaust gas recirculation |
| Door lock actuator
|
Opens/closes doors |
| Headlight motor
|
Tilts/adjusts headlights |
